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''Nebbia v. New York'', 291 U.S. 502 (1934), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States determined that the state of New York could regulate (set and/or otherwise control) the price of milk for dairy farmers, dealers, and retailers. ==History== New York State dairy farmers were disproportionately harmed by the decline in farm prices after World War I, and the Great Depression further worsened the problems they faced. To tackle this problem, the New York legislature created a joint legislative committee headed by State Senator Perley A. Pitcher.〔Henry S. Manley, ''Nebbia Plus Fifteen'', 13 Albany Law Review 11 (1949), at 12.〕 Following the hearings, in 1933, the state of New York established a Milk Control Board empowered to set maximum and minimum retail prices. The board set the price of a quart of milk at nine cents. This price reflected the then-current market price, and the purpose of the order was to prevent price-cutting.〔''Id.''〕 Nevertheless, the public suspected the board’s intent was to benefit dairy dealers instead of farmers because the minimum prices for the two sides were not the same. Tensions ran so high that violent milk strikes took place throughout the state, resulting in two deaths and a great amount of property damage.〔''Id.'' at 13.〕 Every public hearing of the Milk Control Board resulted in a "tumultuous, popular assemblage" and its every action was "Statewide news."〔''Id.''〕 A search began for a case that would challenge the constitutional basis of the statute. Leo Nebbia, the owner of a grocery store, sold two quarts of milk and a 5-cent loaf of bread for 18 cents. Nebbia was found guilty of violating the price regulations, and was fined twenty five dollars. Nebbia challenged the conviction, arguing the statute and order violated the Equal Protection Clause and Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The county court and the Court of Appeals affirmed the conviction, and the case was heard by the Supreme Court. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nebbia v. New York」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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